Optimal Portfolio Design for Statistical Arbitrage in Finance

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Optimal Portfolio Design for Statistical Arbitrage in Finance

Ziping Zhao
Rui Zhou
Zhongju Wang
Daniel P. Palomar
Published on 3/8/2018
Equities
Derivatives
Pairs trading
Machine learning

This paper addresses the optimal design of mean-reverting portfolios (MRPs) for statistical arbitrage. The authors propose a general optimization model that simultaneously considers two key objectives: strong mean reversion (to generate frequent trading signals) and sufficient variance (to ensure profitable trades), subject to an explicit leverage constraint on the total investment. The problem is formulated as a nonconvex optimization with a smooth objective and a convex ℓ1-norm constraint. To solve it, a successive convex approximation (SCA) method is employed, which iteratively solves strongly convex surrogate problems. The inner convex subproblem is further tackled using an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), which decomposes the problem into closed-form updates and a projection onto the ℓ1-ball. An Armijo-like backtracking line search is also introduced to accelerate convergence. Numerical experiments on S&P 500 data demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a favorable trade-off between mean reversion and variance, and outperforms existing approaches in terms of convergence speed and trading performance, yielding higher Sharpe ratios and cumulative returns.

Highlights

  • 1Proposes a general optimization framework for mean-reverting portfolio (MRP) design that balances mean reversion and variance with an explicit leverage constraint.
  • 2Formulates the MRP design as a nonconvex optimization problem and solves it using a successive convex approximation (SCA) method.
  • 3Develops an efficient ADMM-based algorithm for the inner convex subproblem, enabling fast convergence.
  • 4Demonstrates that the proposed method achieves a desirable trade-off between mean reversion and variance, outperforming existing methods in statistical arbitrage trading.

Methods

  • M
    Successive Convex Approximation (SCA) method for nonconvex optimization.
  • M
    Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) for solving convex subproblems with ℓ1-norm constraints.
  • M
    Projection onto the ℓ1-ball for updating auxiliary variables in ADMM.
  • M
    Armijo-like backtracking line search for acceleration of the SCA algorithm.

Results

  • R
    The proposed SCA-MRP algorithm converges faster and to a better objective value compared to the general-purpose solver fmincon.
  • R
    The ADMM-based inner solver yields faster convergence than CVX or MOSEK for the subproblem.
  • R
    The formulation allows tuning the trade-off parameter μ to achieve a range of mean reversion and variance properties, which existing methods cannot.
  • R
    In real-data backtesting on S&P 500 stocks, the designed MRP achieves higher Sharpe ratio and cumulative return than a benchmark spread.
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