Dynamics of Order Positions and Related Queues in a Limit Order Book
Dynamics of Order Positions and Related Queues in a Limit Order Book
This paper studies the dynamics of order positions and related queues in a limit order book (LOB) under a general stochastic setting. The authors derive fluid limits (first-order approximations) for the order position and the best bid/ask queues, showing that the order position decreases at a rate proportional to the mean intensities and average sizes of market and cancellation orders. They also obtain diffusion limits (second-order approximations) for the queues, which converge to a two-dimensional Brownian motion with explicit covariance structure. Using these results, they analyze fluctuations of order positions around their fluid limits, proving that these fluctuations are Gaussian processes with mean-reversion, where the mean-reversion speed depends on order arrival and cancellation rates. The paper provides explicit analytical expressions for key quantities such as expected order execution time, queue depletion times, and tail probabilities via large deviations. The methodology relies on functional strong laws, functional central limit theorems, and convergence of stochastic integrals, and is applicable to various order arrival processes including Poisson and Hawkes processes. These results offer practical insights for algorithmic trading, particularly for valuing order positions and assessing execution risk.
Highlights
- 1Derives fluid limits for order positions and related best bid/ask queues, showing the rate at which an order position approaches zero.
- 2Establishes diffusion limits for bid/ask queues as two-dimensional Brownian motion with explicit mean and covariance structure.
- 3Shows that fluctuations of order positions around their fluid limits are Gaussian processes with mean-reversion.
- 4Provides explicit analytical expressions for expected order execution time, queue depletion times, and tail probabilities via large deviations.
- 5Builds on general assumptions (stationarity, ergodicity) allowing order arrivals to be Poisson or Hawkes processes.
Methods
- MFunctional strong law of large numbers (FSLLN) for scaled net order flow processes.
- MFunctional central limit theorem (FCLT) for multi-dimensional point processes using random fields.
- MConvergence of stochastic integrals via Kurtz and Protter's theorem to handle the nonlinear dynamics of order positions.
- MLarge deviations theory for tail probabilities of queue deviations.
Results
- RThe fluid limit of an order position decreases at a rate proportional to the mean arrival intensities and average sizes of market and cancellation orders.
- RThe diffusion limit of the best bid and ask queues is a correlated two-dimensional Brownian motion with explicit covariance matrix.
- RFluctuations of order positions follow a mean-reverting Gaussian process, with mean-reversion speed proportional to order arrival and cancellation rates.
- RExplicit formulas for expected order execution time and first hitting times of queue depletion are derived.
- RTail probabilities of queue deviations from fluid limits are characterized using large deviations.
Analyze Paper
Generate insights from "Dynamics of Order Positions and Related Queues in a Limit Or...".